Comparing Silica And Polymer Supported Products
The use of solid supported scavengers has become a common method for post-synthesis purification. Polystyrene or PS based scavengers are the most widely available form of solid supported scavengers due to low cost of manufacturing. However, the PS backbone greatly influences the behavior of the scavenger in terms of solvent compatibility and reaction rate. Silica-bound ( SiliaBond®) scavengers have the advantage of a rigid non-swelling backbone that eliminates solvent compatibility and kinetic issues. Additionally, SiliaBond scavengers are easier to handle due to the absence of static.
Bound amine and isocyanate are two very popular scavenger due to their ability to remove a wide range of electrophiles and nucleophiles and therefore are the basis of our study. Here is a collection of internal data and an external study completed by the chemists at Hoffman La-Roche.
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SiliaBond® Carboxylic Acid (WCX)
SiliaBond® Carboxylic Acid (Si-CAA) can be used as a scavenger for amines or carbonates, and for the quench of alkoxides and organometallic reagents. SiliaBond Carboxylic Acid is primarily used as a weak cation exchanger (WCX) in solid phase extraction (SPE) and in HPLC.
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SiliaBond® Carbodiimide (DCC)
SiliaBond® Carbodiimide (Si-DCC) is a bound neutral carbodiimide that may be used for the synthesis of amides, esters, and activated esters.
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SiliaBond® Ethyl Carbodiimide (EDC)
SiliaBond® Ethyl-Dimethylaminopropyl Carbodiimide (Si-EDC) reacts in a similar fashion to SiliaBond Carbodiimide (Si-DCC). The advantage of Si-EDC is this new reagent greatly simplifies the work up procedure of the reactions since a simple filtration is all that takes to remove the unwanted side product of the amides formation (urea).
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SiliaBond® Maleimide
SiliaBond® Maleimide (Si-MAL) has been designed to scavenge thiols. 90% of mercaptoethanol was removed with 4 eq. after 15 minutes in an aqueous environment. Complete scavenging was observed after 3 hours. SiliaBond Maleimide can also be used to immobilize peptides and proteins through the cysteine residues. 95% of L-cysteine was immobilized after only 15 minutes in a pH 4.5 buffered solution using 4 eq. of SiliaBond Maleimide.
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SiliaBond® Piperidine
SiliaBond® Piperidine (Si-PIP) is a general purpose tertiary amine base to scavenge acids, thereby avoiding salt elimination problems. Also used as a base catalyst for Knoevenagel condensation.
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SiliaBond® Aluminum Chloride
SiliaBond® Aluminium Chloride (Si-AlClx) is the silica supported version of the most widely used Lewis acid, aluminium chloride. It is an effective catalyst for Friedel-Crafts alkylations and acylations. It also catalyzes the formation of ethers.
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SiliaBond® DMAP
SiliaBond® DMAP (Si-DMAP) is the supported equivalent of 4-dimethylaminopyridine commonly used as a nucleophilic catalyst in a wide variety of reactions such as acylation, amidation or acetylation.
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SiliaBond® Diethylamine
SiliaBond® Diethylamine (SiliaBond WAX-2) is a silica bound tertiary amine base and can be used in most applications requiring a tertiary amine, particularly as a HCl sponge. Silica bound ammonium salt by-products are easily separated by filtration. This diethylamine immobilized on silica gel can be used for the same applications as SiliaBond Dimethylamine. It is a very common supported tertiary amine.
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SiliaBond® Nucleophile Scavenger Kit
Isocyanate - Tosic Acid - Tosyl Chloride -
SiliaBond® Base Kit
Amine - Carbonate - Dimethylamine - Diethylamine - Morpholine - Pyridine - TBD


