1.Typical Experimental Conditions & Calculation
Step 1: Screening
To find out which SiliaBond® Metal Scavenger will better suit your need, we recommend performing some screening (on small scale) using the SiliaBond Metal Scavenger Kit (Product # K30730B) to quickly determine which scavenger presents the highest efficiency and make experiment optimization from there.
Step 2: Optimization
If, upon completion of the screening procedure, the scavenging is not completed and you are not satisfied with the scavenging efficiency or you wish to reduce the number of equivalents and the reaction time, the following steps should be undertaken:
- Increase the temperature of the scavenging reaction
- Modify the number of molar equivalents of the SiliaBond Metal Scavenger Change the reaction time
- Try a different and/or a mixture of SiliaBond Metal Scavengers
These parameters can be changed one at a time or simultaneously to improve the metal removal efficiency. It is important to underline that these scavengers are stable and work in any solvent.
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SiliaMetS® Dimercaptotriazine (DMT)
SiliaMetS® DMT (Si-DMT) is the silica bound equivalent of 2,4,6-trimercaptotriazine (trithiocyanuric acid). It is a versatile metal scavenger for a variety of metals including Cd, Co, Ni, Pd, Pt, Rh, and Ru under a wide range of conditions and the preferred metal scavenger for ruthenium catalysts.
TMT has been reported to efficiently remove palladium and heavy metals by precipitation. Unfortunately, its solubility in organic solvents causes problem. SiliaMetS DMT solves this issue and almost all solvents can now be used.
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SiliaBond® Amine
SiliaBond® Amine (Si-NH2) is an effective scavenger of acid chlorides, sulfonyl chlorides, isocyanates and other electrophiles. Si-NH2 has been shown to be effective metal scavenger and catalyst for Knoevenagel reactions. SiliaBond Amine is also used in chromatography as normal phase sorbent.
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SiliaMetS® Diamine
SiliaMetS® Diamine (Si-DIA) is a proven scavenger for metals and electrophiles. It scavenges acids, acid chlorides, anhydrides, aldehydes, isocyanates, and chloroformates as well as Pb, Ni, and Cd.
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SiliaMetS® Triamine
SiliaMetS® Triamine (SiliaMetS WAX-3, Si-TRI) is effective for scavenging metals such as Pb, Co, Ru and Pd. Our screening studies have shown it to be the preferred scavenger for Pb. It can also be used as a scavenger for acid chlorides, isocyanates and other electrophiles.
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