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4. Scavenging Palladium Catalysts

A metal scavenging study using SiliaBond® Metal Scavengers products was conducted on various palladium catalysts (Pd(OAc)2, Pd(allyl)2Cl2, Pd2(dba)3, Pd(PPh3)4) commonly used in organic synthesis.

Various parameters were studied for their influence on the scavengers' robustness as well as to establish the best conditions to bring the level of metal down to an acceptable level for the pharmaceutical industry (i.e.: solvent, number of equivalents, temperature, and reaction time).

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  1. SiliaMetS® Cysteine

    SiliaMetS® Cysteine

    SiliaMetS® Cysteine (Si-Cys) is the silica bound equivalent of the amino acid Cysteine. By attaching the molecule to the backbone via the amino group, the thiol group remains free and accessible for higher metal scavenging efficiency. It is a versatile metal scavenger for a variety of metals including Pd, Sn, Ru, Pt, Cu, Rh, Cd and Sc under a wide range of conditions and the preferred metal scavenger for tin residues.

  2. SiliaBond® Amine

    SiliaBond® Amine

    SiliaBond® Amine (Si-NH2) is an effective scavenger of acid chlorides, sulfonyl chlorides, isocyanates and other electrophiles. Si-NH2 has been shown to be effective metal scavenger and catalyst for Knoevenagel reactions. SiliaBond Amine is also used in chromatography as normal phase sorbent.

  3. SiliaMetS® Imidazole

    SiliaMetS® Imidazole

    SiliaMetS® Imidazole (Si-IMI) is a versatile metal scavenger for a variety of metals including Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pd, and Rh under a wide range of conditions and the preferred metal scavenger for iron catalysts.

    SiliaMetS Imidazole can also be used as an amine base in systems that are generally sensitive to basic conditions compared to other SiliaMetS supported bases.

  4. SiliaMetS® TAAcONa

    SiliaMetS® TAAcONa

    SiliaMetS® TAAcONa or (or SiliaMetS Triaminetetraacetate, sodium salt) is a silica bound metal scavenger for Pd(II), Ni(II) and Cu. It is the supported version of EDTA in its sodium salt form. It is an effective scavenger for metals in higher oxidation state, 2+ or higher.

  5. SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges Amine

    SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges Amine

    Good alternative for normal phase purification of compounds with basic properties, which would normally have to be purified by reversed-phase.

    SiliaSep flash amine cartridges offer a superior alternative to the other cartridges available on the market.

  6. SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges TAAcONa

    SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges TAAcONa

    SiliaSep flash TAAcONa cartridges offer a superior alternative to the other cartridges available on the market.

  7. SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges Cysteine

    SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges Cysteine

    SiliaSep flash cysteine cartridges offer a superior alternative to the other cartridges available on the market .

  8. SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges - Open Top (OT) Amine

    SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges - Open Top (OT) Amine

    SiliaSep™ OT flash cartridges are compatible with FlashMaster instrument.

    Good alternative for normal phase purification of compounds with basic properties, which would normally have to be purified by reversed-phase.

  9. SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges - Biotage™ Compatible (BT) Amine

    SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges - Biotage™ Compatible (BT) Amine

    SiliaSep™ BT flash cartridges are compatible with Biotage i-style compression modules.

    Good alternative for normal phase purification of compounds with basic properties, which would normally have to be purified by reversed-phase.

  10. SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges - Büchi™ Compatible (BU) Amine

    SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges - Büchi™ Compatible (BU) Amine

    SiliaSep™ BU flash cartridges are compatible with Büchi Sepacor flash chromatography instrument.

    Good alternative for normal phase purification of compounds with basic properties, which would normally have to be purified by reversed-phase.

  11. SiliaPrep™ SPE Cartridges Amine (WAX)

    SiliaPrep™ SPE Cartridges Amine (WAX)

    SiliaPrep Amine is a weak anion exchanger sorbent used in replacement of SAX for strong anions to avoid irreversible retention. Can also be employed as a metal scavenger and norman phase conditions.

  12. SiliaPrep™ SPE Cartridges Amine nec (WAX)

    SiliaPrep™ SPE Cartridges Amine nec (WAX)

    SiliaPrep Amine nec is a weak anion exchanger sorbent used in replacement of SAX for strong anions to avoid irreversible retention. Can also be employed as a metal scavenger and norman phase conditions.

  13. SiliaPrep™ SPE Cartridges TAAcONa

    SiliaPrep™ SPE Cartridges TAAcONa

    SiliaPrep Metal Scavengers will lower the residual metal concentration of variois metal complexes to single digit ppm.

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  1. X Cadmium (Cd): Preferred Scavengers
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Metal to Remove
Calcium (Ca)
  1. Preferred Scavengers (3)
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Cobalt (Co)
  1. Preferred Scavengers (1)
  2. Scavenge (7)
Chromium (Cr)
  1. Preferred Scavengers (7)
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  1. Preferred Scavengers (7)
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  1. Preferred Scavengers (7)
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Rhodium (Rh-2+)
  1. Preferred Scavengers (7)
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Rhodium (Rh-3+)
  1. Preferred Scavengers (3)
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  1. Preferred Scavengers (2)
  2. Scavenge (3)
Scandium (Sc)
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  1. SiliaBond® (Functionalized Silicas) (1)
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  1. Amine (7)
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