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4. Scavenging Palladium Catalysts

A metal scavenging study using SiliaBond® Metal Scavengers products was conducted on various palladium catalysts (Pd(OAc)2, Pd(allyl)2Cl2, Pd2(dba)3, Pd(PPh3)4) commonly used in organic synthesis.

Various parameters were studied for their influence on the scavengers' robustness as well as to establish the best conditions to bring the level of metal down to an acceptable level for the pharmaceutical industry (i.e.: solvent, number of equivalents, temperature, and reaction time).

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  1. SiliaMetS® Thiol

    SiliaMetS® Thiol

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    SiliaMetS® Thiol (Si-Thiol) is a robust metal scavenger for a variety of metals including Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag and Pb under a wide range of conditions. It has been used in pharmaceutical processes up to the pilot plant scale. It is our most versatile metal scavenger and is the preferred metal scavenger for Pd(II), Cu, Ag, and Hg.

  2. SiliaMetS® Thiourea

    SiliaMetS® Thiourea

    SiliaMetS® Thiourea (Si-THU) is a versatile metal scavenger for all forms of palladium and is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. It works particularly well in organic solvents. It can also be used to scavenge Ag, Pt, Ru, Rh and Hg. Once complexed with a transition metal, it has been reported as being an effective catalyst.

  3. SiliaMetS® Cysteine

    SiliaMetS® Cysteine

    SiliaMetS® Cysteine (Si-Cys) is the silica bound equivalent of the amino acid Cysteine. By attaching the molecule to the backbone via the amino group, the thiol group remains free and accessible for higher metal scavenging efficiency. It is a versatile metal scavenger for a variety of metals including Pd, Sn, Ru, Pt, Cu, Rh, Cd and Sc under a wide range of conditions and the preferred metal scavenger for tin residues.

  4. SiliaMetS® Imidazole

    SiliaMetS® Imidazole

    SiliaMetS® Imidazole (Si-IMI) is a versatile metal scavenger for a variety of metals including Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pd, and Rh under a wide range of conditions and the preferred metal scavenger for iron catalysts.

    SiliaMetS Imidazole can also be used as an amine base in systems that are generally sensitive to basic conditions compared to other SiliaMetS supported bases.

  5. SiliaMetS® TAAcOH

    SiliaMetS® TAAcOH

    SiliaMetS® TAAcOH (SiliaMetS Triaminetetraacetic Acid) is a silica bound metal scavenger for Pd(0), Ni(0) and Cu. It is the supported version of EDTA in its free form. It is an effective scavenger for metals in low or zero oxidation states, which includes many of the most synthetically useful catalysts such as tetrakis-(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0).

  6. SiliaMetS® TAAcONa

    SiliaMetS® TAAcONa

    SiliaMetS® TAAcONa or (or SiliaMetS Triaminetetraacetate, sodium salt) is a silica bound metal scavenger for Pd(II), Ni(II) and Cu. It is the supported version of EDTA in its sodium salt form. It is an effective scavenger for metals in higher oxidation state, 2+ or higher.

  7. SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges Thiol

    SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges Thiol

    SiliaSep flash thiol cartridges offer a superior alternative to the other cartridges available on the market.

  8. SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges TAAcOH

    SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges TAAcOH

    SiliaSep flash TAAcOH cartridges offer a superior alternative to the other cartridges available on the market.

  9. SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges TAAcONa

    SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges TAAcONa

    SiliaSep flash TAAcONa cartridges offer a superior alternative to the other cartridges available on the market.

  10. SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges Thiourea

    SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges Thiourea

    SiliaSep flash thiourea cartridges offer a superior alternative to the other cartridges available on the market.

  11. SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges Cysteine

    SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges Cysteine

    SiliaSep flash cysteine cartridges offer a superior alternative to the other cartridges available on the market .

  12. SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges - Open Top (OT) Thiol

    SiliaSep™ Flash Cartridges - Open Top (OT) Thiol

    SiliaSep™ OT flash cartridges are compatible with FlashMaster instrument.

  13. SiliaPrep™ SPE Cartridges Thiol

    SiliaPrep™ SPE Cartridges Thiol

    SiliaPrep Metal Scavengers will lower the residual metal concentration of various metal complexes to single digit ppm.

  14. SiliaPrep™ SPE Cartridges Thiourea

    SiliaPrep™ SPE Cartridges Thiourea

    SiliaPrep Metal Scavengers will lower the residual metal concentration of various metal complexes to single digit ppm.

  15. SiliaPrep™ SPE Cartridges TAAcOH

    SiliaPrep™ SPE Cartridges TAAcOH

    SiliaPrep Metal Scavengers will lower the residual metal concentration of various metal complexes to single digit ppm.

  16. SiliaPrep™ SPE Cartridges TAAcONa

    SiliaPrep™ SPE Cartridges TAAcONa

    SiliaPrep Metal Scavengers will lower the residual metal concentration of variois metal complexes to single digit ppm.

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  1. X Rhodium (Rh-1+): Scavenge
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Silver (Ag)
  1. Preferred Scavengers (4)
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Calcium (Ca)
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  1. Preferred Scavengers (4)
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  2. Scavenge (4)
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  1. Preferred Scavengers (3)
  2. Scavenge (2)
Lithium (Li)
  1. Preferred Scavengers (3)
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  1. Preferred Scavengers (3)
  2. Scavenge (2)
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  1. Preferred Scavengers (6)
  2. Scavenge (1)
Osmium (Os)
  1. Preferred Scavengers (12)
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Lead (Pb)
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  1. Preferred Scavengers (7)
  2. Scavenge (9)
Palladium (Pd-0)
  1. Preferred Scavengers (7)
  2. Scavenge (9)
Platinum (Pt)
  1. Scavenge (2)
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  1. Scavenge (16)
Rhodium (Rh-3+)
  1. Preferred Scavengers (3)
  2. Scavenge (7)
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  1. Preferred Scavengers (2)
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  1. Preferred Scavengers (8)
  2. Scavenge (7)
Tin (Sn)
  1. Preferred Scavengers (5)
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  1. Preferred Scavengers (1)
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  1. 200 mg (3)
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  6. 5 g (4)
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Particle Size
  1. 40-63 µm / 230-400 mesh (16)

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