SiliaBond pH and Solvent Stability

Potassium permanganate (KMNO₄) is a strong oxidant that will oxidize methyl groups and alcohols to carboxylic acids. SiliaBond^® Potassium Permanganate (Si-KMnO₄) increases recoveries, facilitates work-up, and expands the scope of the chemistry because it can be used in all organic solvents eliminating solubility issues. With SiliaBond Potassium Permanganate, the manganese salt by-products stays adsorbed onto the silica.

Chromatography with silver nitrate is a well known and established methodology for the separation of non polar compounds with similar polarities.

SiliaBond Pyridinium Chlorochromate (Si-PCC) is used for the general oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds, selective oxidation of allylic and benzylic alcohols, organometallic oxidation, oxidative transpositions, oxidative cleavages, allylic and benzylic oxidation and oxidative cyclizations.

SiliaBond Pyridinium Dichromate (Si-PDC) may be used as an alternative to Si-PCC in nucleoside and carbohydrate oxidation, particularly for fragile molecules. SiliaBond PDC can also be used in conjunction with tertbutylhydroperoxide for a variety of oxidative transformations.

The SiliaBond^® C18 16% BDS is the most efficient deactivated C18 reversed-phase. This versatile support is the best choice for your applications in reversed-phase chromatography. This chromatographic phase has been compared with different competitors and presents a better separation for basic compounds.

This non-endcapped version of the SiliaBond^® C18 15.5% BDS, presents a perfect monolayer of dimethyloctadecylsilane and silanol functions. The hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance is permitting to use a mobile phase with a higher concentration of water and ion pairing conditions for separation of biomolecules.

SiliaBond C4 (or C4) provides less retention towards non-polar compounds than C18 and C8, and is useful in ion-pairing chromatography or to separate large biomolecules.  It works best for molecules with a large hydrophilic region or in case where the hydrophobic region is buried within the structure.

SiliaBond^® C4 (or C4) provides less retention towards non-polar compounds than C18 and C8, and is useful in ion-pairing chromatography or to separate large biomolecules.  It works best for molecules with a large hydrophilic region or in case where the hydrophobic region is buried within the structure.

SiliaBond C2 nec is a non-polar sorbent and presents a moderate hydrophobicity. This phase is used to extract extremely non-polar compounds.

SiliaBond^® C2 nec is a non-polar sorbent and presents a moderate hydrophobicity. This phase is used to extract extremely non-polar compounds.

SiliaBond^® C1 (or C1) has the lowest degree of hydrophobicity of all reversed stationary phases, useful in the separation of large biomolecules that have extensive hydrophobic regions.

SiliaBond Phenyl (Si-PHE) is a sorbent of medium polarity used in reversed-phase chromatography. It has similar retention than C8 but with different selectivity especially for molecules containing aromatics and fatty acids.

SiliaBond Diol may also be used as polar sorbent in normal phase and aqueous size exclustion chromatography. Like bare silica, SiliaBond Diol has the ability to form hydrogen bonds and the capacity to separate structural isomers. Since most of its surface is covered with organic functions, the SiliaBond Diol absorbs less water, which leads to a more reproducible activity. It is also the sorbent of choice when working in normal phase in the presence of water.

SiliaBond^® Glycidoxy (Si-GLY) may be used as a linker for further modification of the surface and for the immobilization of molecules bearing amino, hydroxy, mercapto and thiocarboxylic acid groups.

SiliaBond Cyano (Si-CN) can be used both in normal and reversed-phase chromatography as its polarity marks the separation between the polar and non-polar phases. SiliaBond Cyano is the least retentive polar sorbent in normal phase chromatography and the least retentive of the non-polar sorbents in reversed-phase chromatography.

SiliaBond Dimethylamine is a silica bound tertiary amine base that can be used in most applications requiring a tertiary amine, particularly as a HCl sponge. Silica bound ammonium salt by-products are easily separated by filtration. This dimethylamine immobilized on silica gel can be used as a base catalyst in Michael or Knoevenagel reactions. It can also be used as a catalyst for alkane oxidation.

SiliaBond^® Carbamate (CAR) is a versatile scavenger for nucleophiles. It readily scavenges amines, thiols, thiolates, alcohols, alkoxides, and acidic phenols. Loading is determined by the removal of benzylamine in hexane at room temperature.

Strong acid widely used in different fields of synthetic organic chemistry. Among these applications, we denote their uses as acid catalysts, stationary phases for ion chromatography and basic impurity scavengers. The most common use is probably as a strong cation exchanger (SCX) for the amine "Catch and Release" purification technique in SPE cartridges.

Strong acid widely used in different fields of synthetic organic chemistry. Among these applications, we denote their uses as acid catalysts, stationary phases for ion chromatography and basic impurity scavengers. The most common use is probably as a strong cation exchanger (SCX) for the amine "Catch and Release" purification technique in SPE cartridges.

SiliaBond Amine (Si-NH₂) is an effective scavenger of acid chlorides, sulfonyl chlorides, isocyanates and other electrophiles. Si-NH₂ has been shown to be effective metal scavenger and catalyst for Knoevenagel reactions. SiliaBond Amine is also used in chromatography as normal phase sorbent.

SiliaBond Piperazine (Si-PPZ) is a useful deprotecting and scavenging agent for Fmoc and Bsmoc amino protecting groups and as a solid-phase Knoevenagel catalyst. According to the results of a study, Si-PPZ is superior to its polystyrene-based equivalent. SiliaBond Piperazine may also be used to scavenge electrophiles.

SiliaBond Tosic Acid (SiliaBond SCX, Si-TsOH) is a versatile bound strong acid with a pka <<1, widely used for the scavenging of amines and other basic functionalities, including weakly basic anilines, borohydrides, and metals such as Ni and Ag. It can also be used as an acid catalyst for organic reactions. Si-TsOH can serve as an alternative method to quench reactions instead of aqueous or organic soluble acids.

SiliaBond Tosic Acid (SiliaBond SCX, Si-TsOH) is a versatile bound strong acid with a pka <<1. It is widely used for the scavenging of amines and other basic functionalities, including weakly basic anilines, borohydrides, and metals such as Ni and Ag. It can also be used as an acid catalyst for organic reactions. Si-TsOH can serve as an alternative method to quench reactions instead of aqueous or organic soluble acids.

SiliaBond Tridecafluoro (Si-TDF) is a sorbent primarily used to separate fluorinated molecules. It can also be used in fluorous solid-phase extraction (FSPE) of fluorous-tag compounds as reported for the synthesis of oligosaccharide.

SiliaBond Fluorochrom (Si-FCM) is a fluorinated sorbent particularly useful for the separation of fluorine containing molecules from non-fluorous ones. The applications of these types of sorbent are not limited to fluorous compounds but may also be used in chromatographic separation of non-fluorinated molecules, just like a regular reversed-phase would do, but with different selectivity.

SiliaBond Carbonate (Si-CO3) is the silica bound equivalent of tetramethyl ammonium carbonate. It can be used as a general base to quench a reaction, to free base amines in their ammonium salt form and to scavenge acids and acidic phenols, including HOBt, which is widely used in amide coupling reactions.

Strong anion exchangers (SAX) have been widely used in both chromatography and ion exchange SPE to selectively bind acidic drugs and/or analytes. In particular, weakly acidic compounds can be effectively extracted as those types of sorbents retain a permanent positive charge across the pH range. Most commercially available silica-based SAX sorbents are produced with a high selectivity chloride counter ion which reduced retention of acidic drugs when compared with lower selectivity counter ions such as acetate.

SiliaBond^® Cyanoborohydride (Si-CBH) is the silica bound equivalent of sodium cyanoborohydride. Bound cyanoborohydride is very useful in reductive amination and in the reduction of imines and aldehydes. This problem is minimized with the use of silica bound materials since the toxic cyanide residue remains on the silica.

SiliaBond^® Pentafluorophenyl (Si-PFP) is a sorbent primarily used in the separation of molecules bearing fluorine atoms but may also be used in the separation of non-fluorous compounds such as Taxol and its derivatives. Because of its phenyl ring, Si-PFP has a higher selectivity for aromatics containing molecules compared to the other fluorinated sorbents.

SiliaBond Carboxylic Acid (Si-CAA) can be used as a scavenger for amines or carbonates, and for the quench of alkoxides and organometallic reagents. SiliaBond Carboxylic Acid is primarily used as a weak cation exchanger (WCX) in solid phase extraction (SPE) and in HPLC.

SiliaBond Carbodiimide (Si-DCC) is a bound neutral carbodiimide that may be used for the synthesis of amides, esters, and activated esters.

SiliaBond^® Ethyl-Dimethylaminopropyl Carbodiimide (Si-EDC) reacts in a similar fashion to SiliaBond Carbodiimide (Si-DCC). The advantage of Si-EDC is this new reagent greatly simplifies the work up procedure of the reactions since a simple filtration is all that takes to remove the unwanted side product of the amides formation (urea).

SiliaBond Piperidine (Si-PIP) is a general purpose tertiary amine base to scavenge acids, thereby avoiding salt elimination problems. Also used as a base catalyst for Knoevenagel condensation.

SiliaBond DMAP (Si-DMAP) is the supported equivalent of 4-dimethylaminopyridine commonly used as a nucleophilic catalyst in a wide variety of reactions such as acylation, amidation or acetylation.

SiliaBond Triethylamine (SiliaBond WAX-2) is a silica bound tertiary amine base and can be used in most applications requiring a tertiary amine, particularly as a HCl sponge. SiliaBond Triethylamine is also used as weak anion exchanger (WAX) in SPE.

Includes: Amine (WAX) ; Carboxylic Acid (WCX) ; Propylsulfonic Acid (SCX-2) ; TMA Chloride (SAX) ; TMA Acetate (SAX-2) ; Tosic Acid (SCX)

SiliaBond Amine (Si-NH₂) is an effective scavenger of acid chlorides, sulfonyl chlorides, isocyanates and other electrophiles. Si-NH₂ has been shown to be effective metal scavenger and catalyst for Knoevenagel reactions. SiliaBond Amine is also used in chromatography as normal phase sorbent.

The homogeneous coverage of the trifunctional C18 ensures great separation for hydrophobic compounds with lot-to-lot high reproducibility and inhibits the non-specific interaction with residual silanols. The SiliaBond® Polymeric C18 (17%) is the traditional matrix for reversed-phase chromatography. Considered as the least selective phase since it interacts with wide range of organics and biological molecules.

SiliaBond Guanidine is a silica-supported diisopropylguanidine ligand. It is a very powerful scavenger for the chelating of organic acids in general, especially boronic acids and phenolic acids. It may also be used as a very strong base. It is sufficiently basic to deprotonate moderately acidic hydrogens, as in the alkylation of amines and phenols (Williamson ether synthesis) and the esterification of carboxylic acids using alkyl halides.

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Includes: C8, C18, C18 nec, C18 WPD, Cyano & Phenyl

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