What is Endcapping and Why Do it?

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When functionalizing silica gels, it is impossible to react with all available silanol groups (free OH groups on the silica’s surface), thus a second grafting step is done. This is generally done with a small capping agent with low steric hindrance (such as TMS, trimethylsilylchloride, for example). This second grafting step is called endcapping and is done to reduce silanol activity.

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For more information about this Application Note: faq/functionalized-silica